Taoist Philosophy in Product Management
Insights from Chinese Philosophy for Product Managers
Taoism, deeply rooted in Chinese culture and widely practiced in Asia, offers valuable perspectives that can be applied to the field of product management. While not strictly a religion, Taoism’s principles have seamlessly integrated into daily life in China and other Asian regions, often without conscious recognition. As I embarked on my journey in product management, I discovered that Taoist concepts and their framework can be immensely beneficial, especially for those new to this field.
The Five Levels of Taoism and Their Relevance in Product Management:
1 Principles (道, Tao, Dào)
Tao, symbolised by the Chinese character itself, represents the essence of Taoism. It is often translated as ‘way,’ ‘path,’ ‘technique,’ or ‘doctrine.’ However, I interpret it as the fundamental principles that underpin everything. In product management, these principles are akin to mindsets, as emphasised by product leaders like Marty. Mindsets are critical as they reveal the core essence. For instance, having a Minimum Viable Product (MVP) is not merely about the product but about validating solutions swiftly and cost-effectively.
Mindsets are so crutial as it reveals the core. For example, having a MVP is not the mindset, but validating a solution in a fast and cheap way is the mindset. Utilizing Scrum or Kanban is not about adopting a mindset; instead, embracing Agile represents the true mindset.
2 Processes (法, Fă)
This Chinese character signifies rules, regulations, or laws, which can be seen as processes in a broader context. Processes provide structure and guidance, helping to mitigate risks and replicate past successes. However, these processes should align with Tao, or the underlying principles and mindsets, as contexts evolve while principles remain constant.
As an illustration, you may track a product roadmap that has been established, but adhering to the product roadmap itself isn’t the objective. The ultimate aim is to provide value to end users while simultaneously achieving business value.
3 Methods (术, Shù)
Methodology typically follows processes, involving a series of actions to address specific objectives. It often comprises lessons learned during the execution of processes. The common mistake is adopting methods without understanding the underlying mindsets. For example, embracing Agile methodologies without grasping the Agile mindset can lead to misinterpretation and ineffective implementation.
Consider this scenario: a marathon runner comes across an article suggesting that incorporating interval training can enhance their aerobic performance. Consequently, they decide to add interval training into their routine. However, they may encounter injuries because they set the interval speed too high and the intensity becomes excessive for them. It’s important to understand that the fundamental mindset behind interval training is to enhance cardiovascular fitness through repetitive cycles, allowing the heart to become stronger. Achieving this goal necessitates starting at an appropriate intensity level during intervals and ensuring adequate rest during break sessions. This approach maximises the heart’s benefits in a sustainable manner.
Without comprehending the underlying mindset, a well-intentioned approach can inadvertently lead to detrimental outcomes.
4 Tools (器, Qì)
Tools are the tangible resources and technologies used in daily tasks. Many product managers start with tools like JIRA or Confluence for documentation and project management. However, it’s crucial to remember that no single tool fits all situations. Avoid the pitfall of treating every problem as a nail when you possess a hammer. Tools can change, evolve, or become obsolete. Flexibility and adaptability are key.
5 Context (势, Shì)
Context, the final level, is perhaps the most influential. It ranks last not due to its significance but because it’s an aspect beyond individual control. The broader context, encompassing trends like big data, AI, or EV (electric vehicles), cannot be altered but must be embraced and leveraged to the fullest extent possible. In the ever-changing landscape of product management, adapting to the prevailing context is a constant challenge.
Incorporating Taoist principles into product management encourages a holistic and adaptable approach. By focusing on core principles, aligning processes with mindsets, understanding the rationale behind methods, remaining open to new tools, and adapting to the broader context, product managers can navigate this dynamic field with wisdom and flexibility.
